Abstract: Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of mumps in Fujian province during 2006-2011 and provide evidence for the prevention and control of the disease. Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted on the incidence data of mumps in Fujian during this period. Results A total of 42 272 mumps cases were reported without death. Forty five outbreaks occurred. The incidence during 2009-2011 increased by 84.42% compared with that during 2006-2008. The incidence remained to be high in Ningde (39.38/lakh) and low in Putian (9.27/lakh). The seasonality of the disease was obvious. The male to female ratio of the cases was 1.92:1. The cases were mainly distributed in age groupConclusion The prevention and control of mumps should be conducted according to its epidemiological characteristics, it is essential to improve the prediction, early warning and prevention/control of the disease in schools.