Abstract: Objective To understand the current status of high-risk human papilioma virus (HR-HPV) infection in women with cervical lesion, and evaluate the significance of HR-HPV detection by hybrid capture Ⅱ (HC-Ⅱ) in screening and diagnosing cervical lesion, especially high grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). Methods The retrospective analysis was conducted on the data of 1130 women with cervical lesion diagnosed by cervical cytological examination of thin prep liquid-based cytology test (TCT), HC-Ⅱ for HR-HPV, colposcopy and biopsy under colposcopy between June 2010 and December 2012. Results In 1130 cases, the positive rate of HR-HPV was 65.84% (744/1130), 862 cases had unusual cytology results, 356 cases had ASCUS, 84 cases had ASCH, 216 cases were with LSIL, 184 cases were with HSIL and 22 cases were with cancer. The number of biopsy ≥CINⅠ/HPVⅠ was 682 and the positive rate of HR-HPV was 78.59%(536/682). In screening ≥CIN Ⅱ, the sensitivity and specificity of TCT were 88.94% and 32.73%, the sensitivity and specificity of HR-HPV DNA detection by HC-Ⅱ were 90.21% and 51.82%. After the combination of two methods, the sensitivity was 97.45%, the specificity was 22.42%, the positive predicting value was 47.22% and the negative predicting value was 92.50%. There was no significant differences in the incidence rates of HR-HPV between age groups 30-39 and 40-49 years (P>0.05), the incidence rates in age groups 30-39 and 40-49 years were higher than in age groups 20-29 and 50-59 years(PConclusion The infection rate of HR-HPV was high in all age group women and increased with severity of cervical lesion. HR-HPV detection by HC-Ⅱ is an important method in screening cervical lesion, test of HR-HPV DNA contributes much to diagnosis of high grade CIN with high sensitivity, specificity, positive predicting value and negative predicting value. HR-HPV detection is a viable option in the management of women with ASCUS and LSIL of TCT, the sensitivity and negative predicting value of the test were high.