王凤英, 吴晓虹. 2006-2012年浙江省金华市疑似预防接种异常反应监测分析[J]. 疾病监测, 2013, 28(9): 748-752. DOI: 10.3784/j.issn.1003-9961.2013.9.014
引用本文: 王凤英, 吴晓虹. 2006-2012年浙江省金华市疑似预防接种异常反应监测分析[J]. 疾病监测, 2013, 28(9): 748-752. DOI: 10.3784/j.issn.1003-9961.2013.9.014
WANG Feng-ying, WU Xiao-hong. Surveillance of adverse events following immunization in Jinhua, Zhejiang, 2006-2012[J]. Disease Surveillance, 2013, 28(9): 748-752. DOI: 10.3784/j.issn.1003-9961.2013.9.014
Citation: WANG Feng-ying, WU Xiao-hong. Surveillance of adverse events following immunization in Jinhua, Zhejiang, 2006-2012[J]. Disease Surveillance, 2013, 28(9): 748-752. DOI: 10.3784/j.issn.1003-9961.2013.9.014

2006-2012年浙江省金华市疑似预防接种异常反应监测分析

Surveillance of adverse events following immunization in Jinhua, Zhejiang, 2006-2012

  • 摘要: 目的 分析浙江省金华市2006-2012年疑似预防接种异常反应(adverse events following immunization,AEFI)的发生特征,评价AEFI监测系统运转情况。 方法 通过中国免疫规划监测信息管理系统和AEFI信息管理系统,收集金华市2006-2012年报告的AEFI个案数据,采用描述性方法进行流行病学分析。 结果 2006-2012年金华市共报告AEFI 539例,其中≤1岁占30.98%。AEFI以国家免疫规划(national immunization program,NIP)疫苗为主,占71.43%;一般反应占48.42%,异常反应占40.82%,79.41%发生在接种后1天内;临床损害以发热/红肿/硬结最多,占35.99%;异常反应中以过敏性皮疹最多,占54.09%。524例(97.21%)病例治愈或好转,1例(0.19%)死亡,3例(0.56%)有后遗症。全市9个县(市、区)每年均有AEFI个案上报,48 h内及时报告率为85.71%,48 h内及时调查率为76.81%,报告卡完整率为94.25%。 结论 金华市AEFI监测质量逐年提高,但监测系统的敏感性特别是对一般反应的报告意识尚需提高。AEFI 常发生在小年龄儿童、NIP疫苗、接种后1天内;完善预防接种异常反应补偿机制,加强督导、业务培训及与媒体的有效沟通,有助于提高监测系统的质量和敏感性。

     

    Abstract: Objective To understand the incidence pattern of adverse events following immunization (AEFI) in Jinhua, Zhejiang province, and evaluate the performance of AEFI surveillance system. Methods The incidence data of AEFI in Jinhua from 2006 to 2012 was collected through national immunization program surveillance system and AEFI information system to conduct descriptive methodological analysis. Results A total of 539 AEFI cases were reported during this period. The cases aged ≤1 year accounted for 30.98%. The AEFI cases were mainly caused by the vaccines used in national immunization program (NIP), accounting for 71.43%. Mild cases accounted for 48.42%, severe reactions accounted for 40.82%. Among these cases, 79.41% occurred within 1 day after vaccination. Fever/red swelling/scleroma was the main clinical manifestation, accounting for 35.99%; and the major severe reaction was anaphylactic rash, accounting for 54.09%. Totally 524 cases (97.21%) were cured, 1 case (0.19%) was fatal and 3 cases (0.56%) had sequela. AEFI cases were reported in all 9 counties in Jinhua every year. The reporting rate within 48 h was 85.71%, and the investigating rate within 48 h was 76.81%. The completeness rate of reporting card was 94.25%. Conclusion The results showed that the quality of AEFI surveillance increased year by year, but the sensitivity of the surveillance system was still low, especially for the mild reaction. AEFI often occurs in young children within 1 day after the immunization of NIP vaccines. It is important to improve the compensation mechanism of AEFI, strengthen supervision and conduct training and effective communication with press to improve the quality and sensitivity of AEFI surveillance.

     

/

返回文章
返回