Abstract: Objective To understand the mortality of malignant tumors in residents in Jinan, Shandong province and related factors. Methods The death data in the residents in Jinan were obtained from Jinan death surveillance system and related demographic data were collected from the annual reports of municipal statistics bureau and public security bureau. The cause of death was coded by the international classification of diseases 10th edition (ICD-10). The death data of malignant tumors in residents in Jinan in 2012 were analyzed. Results The crude mortality of malignant tumors in Jinan in 2012 was 142.78/lakh. The age-standardized mortality was 104.48/lakh. The deaths caused by malignant tumors accounted for 24.70% of all-causal deaths. The first five malignant tumors were lung cancer, gastric cancer, liver cancer, esophageal cancer and colorectal cancer, accounting for 69.65% of total deaths caused by malignant tumors. The death rate of malignant tumors increased with age, especially in age group50 years. The male to female ratio of age-standardized death rate was 1.80:1. The death causes were different in different age groups. Leukemia was the leading death cause among children less than 15 years old, accounting for 40.00% of total cancer deaths in this age group. Liver cancer was the leading death cause in age group 15-44 years, accounting for 14.74% of total cancer deaths in this age group. Lung cancer was the leading death cause in age groups 45-64 years and64 years, accounting for 21.36% and 27.28% of total cancer deaths respectively. Conclusion Lung cancer, gastric cancer, liver cancer, esophageal cancer and colorectal cancer were the major malignant tumors posing fatal risk to the residents in Jinan. Close attention should be paid to the prevention and control of these malignant tumors. Especially in people aged 50 years.