崔亮亮, 李新伟, 张扬, 周敬文. 2013年1月山东省济南市灰霾期间急性呼吸系统危重症状的研究分析[J]. 疾病监测, 2014, 29(11): 852-856. DOI: 10.3784/j.issn.1003-9961.2014.11.004
引用本文: 崔亮亮, 李新伟, 张扬, 周敬文. 2013年1月山东省济南市灰霾期间急性呼吸系统危重症状的研究分析[J]. 疾病监测, 2014, 29(11): 852-856. DOI: 10.3784/j.issn.1003-9961.2014.11.004
CUI Liang-liang, LI Xin-wei, ZHANG Yang, ZHOU Jing-wen. Impact of dust haze on acute and severe respiratory symptoms in Jinan, Shandong, January 2013[J]. Disease Surveillance, 2014, 29(11): 852-856. DOI: 10.3784/j.issn.1003-9961.2014.11.004
Citation: CUI Liang-liang, LI Xin-wei, ZHANG Yang, ZHOU Jing-wen. Impact of dust haze on acute and severe respiratory symptoms in Jinan, Shandong, January 2013[J]. Disease Surveillance, 2014, 29(11): 852-856. DOI: 10.3784/j.issn.1003-9961.2014.11.004

2013年1月山东省济南市灰霾期间急性呼吸系统危重症状的研究分析

Impact of dust haze on acute and severe respiratory symptoms in Jinan, Shandong, January 2013

  • 摘要: 目的 评估灰霾天气期间人群呼吸系统危重症状的急性健康风险.方法 选择济南市作为研究城市,定义2013年1月为研究期、2012年1月为对照期,敏感性分析选择2011年12月和2012年12月.环境数据搜集研究期间内逐日气象指标(气温、湿度)和空气质量指标(PM10).健康数据搜集研究期间内全市应急救治中心逐日呼叫记录中呼叫者主诉症状为呼吸困难、憋喘、呼吸停止、胸闷的记录数.采用描述性研究方法对环境数据和健康数据进行分析,环境数据比较分析采用Kruskal-Wallis方法.计算不同时期内各症状的人群应急呼叫率(PECR)及其健康风险(RR值及95%CI).采用Excel和Epi Info 3.5.1软件进行数据整理和分析.结果 研究期日均PM10中位数为316 μg/m3 (范围值:80~602 μg/m3),高于国家环境空气质量标准24 h标准限值150 μg/m3.4项症状中,呼吸困难症状比例最高占73.8%(301/408),人群应急呼叫率(PECR)为4.42/10万,其次为憋喘症状PECR为1.19/10万.风险分析结果显示,呼吸困难症状(RR=1.09,95%CI:1.00~1.19)在研究期出现显著增加;憋喘和呼吸停止症状在对照期也出现显著性增加,但敏感性分析结果未发现一致性显著性增加.结论 灰霾天气污染与呼吸困难症状的急性健康效应增加有关.

     

    Abstract: Objective To understand the impact of dust haze on acute and severe respiratory symptoms. Methods The study was conducted in Jinan, Shandong province, during January 2013, the results were compared with those during January 2012. And related data during December 2011 and December 2012 were used for sensitivity analysis. The daily meteorological data, including air temperature and relative humidity, and air pollution indicator (PM10) during all the periods were collected and the daily records of calling for emergency aid due to respiratory symptoms, including difficult breathing, breath holding, respiratory arrest and chest distress, during all the periods were collected from the medical emergency centers in Jinan to conduct descriptive analysis. The analysis of environment data was conducted with Kruskal-Wallis test. The symptom specific population based emergency calling rate (PECR), relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence interval were calculated during the study period and compared with those in reference period. Excel and Epi Info 3.5.1 were used for the statistical calculation. Results The median value of PM10 concentration was 316 μg/m3 (range: 80-602 μg/m3) during the study period, which was higher than national ambient air quality standard (150 μg/m3). Among the 4 respiratory symptoms, difficult breathing accounted for highest proportion (73.8%) with the PECR of 4.42 per million. and the PECR of breath holding was 1.19 per million. Difficult breathing increased obviously during the study period (RR=1.09,95% CI: 1.00-1.19). Breath holding and respiratory arrest increased too, but no consistence was found in sensitivity analysis. Conclusion The increase of difficult breathing was associated with air pollution caused by dust haze in Jinan.

     

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