Abstract: Objective To understand the constituent and distribution of death causes in population in Jiaocheng district of Ningde, Fujian province, and provide evidence for disease prevention/control and health care. Methods The coding and classifying of underlying death causes were according to International classification of Diseases-10th edition (ICD-10) and statistical analysis on death surveillance data in Jiaocheng in 2013 was conducted with Excel 2003 and SPSS 13.0. Results The mortality was 633.21/lakh and the standardized mortality was 387.05/lakh in population in Jiaocheng in 2013. The mortality in infants was 8.44, and the mortality in children under 5 years old was 10.12. The deaths caused by the first 10 leading diseases, including cancer, heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, accounted for 96.49% of the total. The deaths caused by chronic and non-communicable disease accounted for 87.64%. The first 9 leading death causes in urban population and rural population were same, but the ranks were different. The age specific mortality curve was shape and the major death causes varied with age. The first 5 causes causing life loss were cancer, heart disease, poisoning/injury, perinatal disease and cerebrovascular disease. The life loss rate in males was higher than in females. Conclusion Chronic and non-communicable disease is the major death cause in population in Jiaocheng, it is necessary to take targeted intervention measures.