Abstract: Objective To understand the spectrum of common infectious diseases and epidemiological characteristics of communicable diseases diagnosed in our hospital from 2007 to 2013and provide evidence for the prevention and control of public health emergency in the hospital. Methods A descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted on the data of communicable diseases diagnosed in the hospital during this period. Results The cases of communicable diseases in class B accounted for 79.8% of the total, the first 10 diseases were hepatitis, syphili, hand foot and mouth disease, pulmonary tuberculosis, others, influenza, infectious diarrhea(others), mumps, AIDS, hemorrhagic fever. People aged 18-65 years was mainly affected. The cases were mainly distributed in famers, retirees, the unemployed. The incidence of each disease varied with age and occupation. Conclusion The overall incidence of communicable diseases was in decline from 2007 to 2013. Blood-borne and sexually transmitted infections were the major diseases. More efforts should be made for the prevention and control of common and emerging communicable diseases.