Abstract: Objective To analyze the mortality of traffic accident among residents in Fangshan district, Beijing. Methods The surveillance data of death causes in Fangshan from 2003 to 2013 were used to analyze the local fatality of traffic accident. Crude mortality, standardized mortality, cause-eliminated life expectancy, potential years of life lost(PYLL), standardized PYLL number of years(SPYLL) and other indicators were used to assess the disease burden caused by traffic fatality. Results A total of 1382 deaths were caused by traffic accident during 2003-2013, the crude mortality and standardized mortality were 16.45/lakh and 15.69/lakh respectively. The life expectancy could increase by 0.42 year and to 80.42 after removing the death by traffic accident. Potential years of life lost and standardized PYLL due to traffic accident were 58 386.5 person-years and 55 693.33 person-years respectively. Conclusion Traffic fatality is a major public health threat to the residents in Fangshan, more attention should be paid to the prevention of traffic accident.