蔡智强, 李丽萍, 白雲屛. 公共卫生监测的过去、现在和未来:(一)过去[J]. 疾病监测, 2015, 30(9): 706-716. DOI: 10.3784/j.issn.1003-9961.2015.09.004
引用本文: 蔡智强, 李丽萍, 白雲屛. 公共卫生监测的过去、现在和未来:(一)过去[J]. 疾病监测, 2015, 30(9): 706-716. DOI: 10.3784/j.issn.1003-9961.2015.09.004
Bernard C.K. Choi, LI Li-ping, Anita W.P. Pak. The past, present and future of public health surveillance: the past (I)[J]. Disease Surveillance, 2015, 30(9): 706-716. DOI: 10.3784/j.issn.1003-9961.2015.09.004
Citation: Bernard C.K. Choi, LI Li-ping, Anita W.P. Pak. The past, present and future of public health surveillance: the past (I)[J]. Disease Surveillance, 2015, 30(9): 706-716. DOI: 10.3784/j.issn.1003-9961.2015.09.004

公共卫生监测的过去、现在和未来:(一)过去

The past, present and future of public health surveillance: the past (I)

  • 摘要: 本文描述通过公共卫生行动的计划、实施和评价对卫生数据不断地系统地进行收集、分析、解释和利用公共卫生信息的过程,对公共卫生监测发展的历史进行了全面地综述。公共卫生监测最早要追溯到公元前3180年埃及第一次记录的传染病。希波克拉底 (Hippocrates)(公元前460-370年)记录了地方病和流行病;约翰格兰特 (John Graunt)(1620-1674年)提出了系统数据分析;塞缪尔皮普斯 (Samuel Pepys)(1633-1703年)开始了流行病学现场调查;威廉法尔 (William Farr)(1807-1883年)创建了现代监测的概念;约翰斯诺 (John Snow)(1813-1858年)将数据资料和随后的干预活动联系在一起;亚历山大朗缪尔 (Alexander Langmuir)(1910-1993年)首次提出了监测的全面定义,如今已形成系统的理论和大量的监测方法,并在全球范围内建立了公共卫生监测机构。学习公共卫生监测的发展历程,用以反思当前的发展现状,提高和促进公共卫生监测,为人类健康提供理论依据。

     

    Abstract: This paper summarizes the past of public health surveillance-the ongoing systematic collection, analysis, interpretation and utilization of health data for the planning, implementation, and evaluation of public health action. Public health surveillance can be tracked back to the first recorded communicable disease epidemic in 3180 B.C. in Egypt. Hippocrates (460 B.C.-370 B.C.) recorded endemic disease and epidemic disease, John Graunt (1620-1674) introduced systematic data analysis, Samuel Pepys (1633-1703) started field epidemic investigation, William Farr (1807-1883) founded the modern concept of surveillance, John Snow (1813-1858) used the surveillance data in intervention activities, and Alexander Langmuir (1910-1993) developed the first comprehensive definition of surveillance. By now the systematic surveillance theory and a mass of surveillance methods have been developed, and the global surveillance system has been formed. Learning from the past of public health surveillance can improve the understanding of its current development, facilitate public health surveillance and provide theory basis for the promotion of human health.

     

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