潘琼娇, 魏晶娇, 余向华, 倪庆翔, 张晓铭, 李玲. 9例人感染H7N9禽流感病例流行病学特征分析[J]. 疾病监测, 2016, 31(2): 115-119. DOI: 10.3784/j.issn.1003-9961.2016.02.008
引用本文: 潘琼娇, 魏晶娇, 余向华, 倪庆翔, 张晓铭, 李玲. 9例人感染H7N9禽流感病例流行病学特征分析[J]. 疾病监测, 2016, 31(2): 115-119. DOI: 10.3784/j.issn.1003-9961.2016.02.008
PAN Qiong-jiao, WEI Jing-jiao, YU Xiang-hua, NI Qing-xiang, ZHANG Xiao-ming, LI Ling. Epidemiological characteristics of 9 cases of human infection with avian influenza A (H7N9) virus[J]. Disease Surveillance, 2016, 31(2): 115-119. DOI: 10.3784/j.issn.1003-9961.2016.02.008
Citation: PAN Qiong-jiao, WEI Jing-jiao, YU Xiang-hua, NI Qing-xiang, ZHANG Xiao-ming, LI Ling. Epidemiological characteristics of 9 cases of human infection with avian influenza A (H7N9) virus[J]. Disease Surveillance, 2016, 31(2): 115-119. DOI: 10.3784/j.issn.1003-9961.2016.02.008

9例人感染H7N9禽流感病例流行病学特征分析

Epidemiological characteristics of 9 cases of human infection with avian influenza A (H7N9) virus

  • 摘要: 目的 分析浙江省温州市人感染H7N9禽流感病例流行病学特征,研究其流行特点、规律以及危险因素。方法 收集2015年1-4月确诊病例的流行病学以及活禽市场外环境标本结果等资料。结果 H7N9禽流感病例男3 例, 女6例;发病以高年龄为主(中位数为51岁);主要集中在瑞安市;职业以家务和个体经营户为主;发病主要集中在春节活禽交易频繁期间;病例以发热为主要首发症状,病情进展迅速;治愈组比死亡组更早地就诊、确诊和使用达菲。所有病例均有活禽或农贸市场暴露史;可疑暴露农贸市场外环境样本H7亚型禽流感病毒阳性率39.88%,可疑暴露非农贸市场外环境样本阳性率0,H7亚型禽流感病毒来源活禽交易的农贸市场可能性较高;病例可疑暴露农贸市场外环境样本阳性率较非可疑暴露农贸市场高,差异有统计学意义(2=40.34,P 0.05)。农贸市场外环境H7阳性率不同月份有差异,1-3月H7阳性率较高;随着温度的上升,病毒含量下降,4月外环境H7阳性率较低,差异有统计学意义(2=27.33, P 0.05)。温州市采取主要区域活禽市场暂停交易后,没有报告新发病例,农贸市场外环境标本H7阳性持续下降。结论 人感染H7N9禽流感患者病情进展迅速,在发病早期及时就诊、确诊和治疗,预后良好;活禽交易的农贸市场的禽类暴露是感染的危险因素;活禽市场采取休市措施能明显控制疫情发展;病例在人群中散发为主,暂无充分证据支持病毒的人与人传播。

     

    Abstract: Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of 9 cases of human infection with avian influenza A (H7N9) virus in Wenzhou and related risk factors. Methods The epidemiological data of the confirmed cases and the results of the environmental specimen outside the alive poultry markets from January to April in 2015 were collected. Results Among the 9 confirmed cases of human infection with H7N9 virus, 3 cases were males, 6 were females, who were aged 51 years averagely, mainly lived in Rui'an, unemployment or self-employment. The infections mainly occurred during Spring Festival when alive poultry marketing was frequent. The main symptoms was fever, and the disease progressed rapidly. The cure group had earlier medical care seeking, confirmation and Duffy use than the death group. All the cases had histories of alive poultry or farm produce market exposures. The H7 subtype virus positive rate was 39.88% in suspect market environment exposed samples, the positive rate was 0.00% in suspect non market environment exposed samples. There was high possibility that the H7 subtype virus came from alive poultry market. The H7 subtype virus positive rate was higher in suspect market environment exposed samples than in suspect non market environment exposed samples. The difference was significant (2=40.34, P 0.05). The H7 subtype virus positive rate in farm produce market environment differed with month, the H7 subtype virus positive rate was higher during January-March. As temperatures rise, the virus levels fell and the environment H7 subtype virus positive rate was low in April, the difference was significant (2=27.33, P 0.05). After suspending the trade of alive poultry in Wenzhou, no new cases of human infection with H7N9 subtype virus were reported and the positive rate of H7 subtype virus in environmental samples of the market continued to decline. Conclusion The human infection with H7N9 subtype virus progressed rapidly. Early diagnosis and treatment would result in good prognosis. Exposure to alive poultry in the market was the risk factors for infection. The suspension of the alive poultry trade could effectively control the outbreak. The infection mainly occurred sporadically, and by far no sufficient evidence to support that the virus spread from person to person.

     

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