Abstract: Objective To analyze the epidemiological and etiological characteristics of hand,foot and mouth disease (HFMD) in Ordos from 2007 to 2016 and provide evidence for HFMD prevention and control. Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted by using the incidence data and etiological detection data of HFMD in Ordos from 2007 to 2016. Results A total of 18 436 HFMD cases were reported in Ordos during this period. The average annual incidence was 10.30/100 000,and the annual incidence showed an increase trend. The annual incidence peaks were during May-July and during September-November. The cases were mainly children aged 1-3 years and the incidence in boys was higher than that in girls(1.42:1). HFMD cases were reported in all 9 banners(district)of Ordos,and the incidences in Jungar banner,Dongsheng district,Dalad banner and Ejinhoro banner were high. The major pathogens included Enteroviruses 71(EV71),Coxsackievirus A16(Cox A16)and other enteroviruses. In 2012 and 2016,Cox A16 was predominant. In 2010,the infection rate of Cox A16 was similar to that of other enteroviruses. In 2011,the infection rate of EV71 was similar to that of other enteroviruses. In 2015, other enteroviruses were predominant. EV71 was predominant in the remaining years. Conclusion The incidence of HFMD showed an increase trend in Ordos in recent 10 years,and the disease's etiological characteristics was complex. It is suggested that programs,such as surveillance,case management,health education and comprehensive HFMD prevention and control targeting key population,should be strengthened to reduce the mortality of the disease.