Abstract: Objective To understand the current status of physical growth deviation of 0-3 years old infants and young children and influencing factors in Quzhou,Zhejiang province and provide a theoretical basis for early intervention. Methods A total of 9 457 infants and young children aged 0-3 years were selected from the health management system of Quzhou Maternal and Child Health Care Center from May 2014 to May 2017 for a descriptive epidemiological analysis according to WHO's criteria of age specific bodyweight,age specific body height and body height specific bodyweight. A questionnaire survey was conducted among the parents. Results The detection rate of malnutrition was 3.50%,the detection rate of obesity was 3.49%(mainly mild obesity) and the physical growth deviation rate was 6.99% in infants and children aged 0-3 years. There was a significant difference in the detection rate of physical growth deviation among different age groups(χ²=32.171,P=0.001). The detection rate of physical growth deviation was 7.36% in boys and 6.58% in girls,the difference was not significant(χ²=2.232,P=0.135). The influencing factors were mainly included repeated upper respiratory tract infection,main caregiver,feeding pattern and birth weight. Conclusion The prevalence of physical growth deviation was high in infants and young children in Quzhou, especially the prevalence of obesity increased with age after 18 months old. The physical growth deviation was affected by many factors and active risk factor control would facilitate the prevention of physical growth deviation.