毛雷婧, 罗献伟, 陈霞, 王斌冰, 唐继海. 2004-2017年安徽省流行性脑脊髓膜炎流行特征及菌群变迁分析[J]. 疾病监测, 2018, 33(8): 636-639. DOI: 10.3784/j.issn.1003-9961.2018.08.006
引用本文: 毛雷婧, 罗献伟, 陈霞, 王斌冰, 唐继海. 2004-2017年安徽省流行性脑脊髓膜炎流行特征及菌群变迁分析[J]. 疾病监测, 2018, 33(8): 636-639. DOI: 10.3784/j.issn.1003-9961.2018.08.006
Leijing Mao, Xianwei Luo, Xia Chen, Binbing Wang, Jihai Tang. Epidemiological characteristics of meningococcal meningitis and changing trend of serogroup of Neisseria meningitidis in Anhui, 2004–2017[J]. Disease Surveillance, 2018, 33(8): 636-639. DOI: 10.3784/j.issn.1003-9961.2018.08.006
Citation: Leijing Mao, Xianwei Luo, Xia Chen, Binbing Wang, Jihai Tang. Epidemiological characteristics of meningococcal meningitis and changing trend of serogroup of Neisseria meningitidis in Anhui, 2004–2017[J]. Disease Surveillance, 2018, 33(8): 636-639. DOI: 10.3784/j.issn.1003-9961.2018.08.006

2004-2017年安徽省流行性脑脊髓膜炎流行特征及菌群变迁分析

Epidemiological characteristics of meningococcal meningitis and changing trend of serogroup of Neisseria meningitidis in Anhui, 2004–2017

  • 摘要:
    目的 了解2004 – 2017年安徽省流行性脑脊髓膜炎(流脑)流行特征以及菌群变迁情况,为预防控制策略和措施的制定提供理论依据。
    方法 采用描述流行病学方法对法定传染病报告系统中安徽省流脑数据资料和实验室检测结果数据进行分析;利用病原学和分子生物学技术对病例进行实验室诊断及密切接触者带菌情况调查。
    结果 共报告病例1 467例,年均发病率为0.17/10万。 病例主要集中在15 ~ 19岁年龄组(28.43%);职业以学生居多;冬春季为高发季节。 合肥市病例数和年均发病率均为全省第一。 聚集性病例主要发生在学校,占总病例数的65.63%。 病例和密切接触者标本分离株血清型均以C群为主,分别占86.14%和70.08%。 B群和W135群检出比例升高。
    结论 2004 – 2017年安徽省流脑发病由高发水平逐渐降低,维持在散发状态,流脑防控工作取得成效。流脑病例及密切接触者标本流行菌群已由A群变为C群。 W135群病例的出现及W135群、B群病例构成比上升,提示可能出现新的流行菌群变迁。 流脑防控工作面临新挑战。

     

    Abstract:
    Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of meningococcal meningitis and analyze the changing trend of serogroups of Neisseria meningitidis in Anhui province.
    Methods Descriptive epidemiological method was conducted by using the data from China information system for disease control and prevention and laboratory during 2004–2017.
    Results From 2004 to 2017, a total of 1 467 meningococcal meningitis cases were reported in Anhui. The average annual incidence rate was 0.17/100 000. The cases were mainly school students, and the cases in age group 15–19 years accounted for 28.43% of the total. The incidence of meningococcal meningitis was high during winter-spring. The case number and annual incidence rate of Hefei were highest. Most cluster cases occurred in schools, accounting for 65.63%. The isolates from the cases and close contacts were mainlyN. meningitidis C, accounting for 86.14% and 70.08%, respectively.
    Conclusion The incidence of meningococcal meningitis declined from the peak and remained at a low and sporadic level in recent years in Anhui. N. meningitidis C has replaced N. meningitidis A as the predominant pathogen. The cases caused by N. meningitidis W135 were detected. As the cases caused by N. meningitidis W135 and B increased, the prevention and control of meningococcal meningitis is facing new challenge.

     

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