广西壮族自治区确诊HIV感染的孕产妇母婴阻断服务利用情况分析

谢小花; 覃清华; 姚慧; 丘小霞; 陈霄霞; 宋玉美; 李慧

doi:10.3784/j.issn.1003-9961.2020.07.008

广西壮族自治区确诊HIV感染的孕产妇母婴阻断服务利用情况分析

Utilization of prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission services in HIV positive women diagnosed before and after the pregnancy in Guangxi

摘要

摘要:
目的了解广西壮族自治区（广西）预防艾滋病母婴传播综合干预措施服务利用情况。
方法收集信息管理系统中广西分娩日期为2017年7月1日至2018年6月30日感染人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）的产妇及所生婴儿的干预服务利用情况信息，将HIV感染的孕产妇分为孕前确诊组和孕后确诊组，使用SPSS 22.0软件比较两组孕产妇及所娩儿童预防母婴传播服务利用与差异情况。
结果共纳入HIV感染孕产妇595例，HIV暴露儿童598例。其中孕前确诊组孕产妇454例，HIV暴露儿童456例；孕后确诊组孕产妇141例，HIV暴露儿童142例。 HIV感染孕产妇的年龄为（30.8±5.4）岁；孕前确诊组和孕后确诊组孕产妇在年龄、文化程度、婚姻状况、孕次及产次等人口学特征构成比差异有统计学意义；民族和职业构成比差异无统计学意义。两组对于预防母婴传播干预服务利用均存在不足，但孕前确诊组的孕产期保健、抗病毒治疗、婴儿HIV检测等服务利用均优于孕后确诊组。
结论广西HIV感染孕产妇对于预防艾滋病母婴传播综合干预措施利用不足，孕期保健服务利用晚、抗病毒治疗利用不足是工作的薄弱环节；加强宣教，提高预防母婴传播知识的知晓率，进而提高综合干预措施服务利用率，是实现消除母婴传播目标的关键措施。

Abstract:
ObjectiveTo analyze the utilization of comprehensive intervention service to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV in pregnant women diagnosed with HIV infection before and after pregnancy in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, and compare the differences in service utilization.
MethodsThe information about the utilization of the comprehensive intervention service in pregnant women diagnosed with HIV infection and delivered from July 1, 2017 to June 30, 2018 and their babies in Guangxi were collected from information system, the HIV positive pregnant women diagnosed before and after pregnancy were divided into two groups. Software SPSS 22.0 was used to analyze the difference in comprehensive intervention service utilization between two groups.
ResultsA total of 595 HIV infected pregnant women and 598 HIV exposed infants were included in this study. Among them, 454 HIV infected pregnant women were diagnosed before pregnancy, involving 456 HIV exposed infants, and 141 HIV infected pregnant women were diagnosed after pregnancy, involving 142 HIV exposed infants. The age of the pregnant women was (30.8±5.4) years. There were significant differences between two groups in constituent ratios of demographic characteristics, such as age, educational level, marital status, number of pregnancy and number of birth. There was no significant differences in constituent ratios of ethnic group and occupation. The utilization of comprehensive intervention service was inadequate in both groups, but the acceptances of maternal health care, antiviral treatment, and infant HIV testing services were superior in the pregnant women diagnosed before pregnancy than those diagnosed after pregnancy.
ConclusionThe utilization of comprehensive intervention service to prevent mother to child transmission of HIV was inadequate in HIV infected pregnant women in Guangxi, and the late utilization of health care services during pregnancy and inadequate antiretroviral treatment were the weakness in the prevention of mother to child transmission of HIIV, so it is necessary to strengthen the health education to improve the awareness of the prevention of mother to child transmission of HIIV and increase the utilization of comprehensive intervention services in pregnant women to achieve the goal of blocking mother to child transmission of HIV.

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