秦天, 阮向东, 段招军, 曹建平, 梁俊容, 杨晶, 蒋艳, 施莽, 沈玉娟, 徐建国. 开展野生动物微生物研究应对未来新发传染病[J]. 疾病监测, 2021, 36(3): 209-213. DOI: 10.3784/jbjc.202101260044
引用本文: 秦天, 阮向东, 段招军, 曹建平, 梁俊容, 杨晶, 蒋艳, 施莽, 沈玉娟, 徐建国. 开展野生动物微生物研究应对未来新发传染病[J]. 疾病监测, 2021, 36(3): 209-213. DOI: 10.3784/jbjc.202101260044
Qin Tian, Ruan Xiangdong, Duan Zhaojun, Cao Jianping, Liang Junrong, Yang Jing, Jiang Yan, Shi Mang, Shen Yujuan, Xu Jianguo. Carrying out wild animal microbial research for the response of new infectious diseases in the future[J]. Disease Surveillance, 2021, 36(3): 209-213. DOI: 10.3784/jbjc.202101260044
Citation: Qin Tian, Ruan Xiangdong, Duan Zhaojun, Cao Jianping, Liang Junrong, Yang Jing, Jiang Yan, Shi Mang, Shen Yujuan, Xu Jianguo. Carrying out wild animal microbial research for the response of new infectious diseases in the future[J]. Disease Surveillance, 2021, 36(3): 209-213. DOI: 10.3784/jbjc.202101260044

开展野生动物微生物研究应对未来新发传染病

Carrying out wild animal microbial research for the response of new infectious diseases in the future

  • 摘要: 我国是世界上野生动物种类最为丰富的国家之一。 分布广泛、种类繁多的野生动物,是众多传染病的自然宿主或易感宿主。 按物种量预估我国可能存在的未知病毒种类在120万种以上;仅青藏高原野生兽类可能存在1万~3万种未知细菌;全世界动物源性寄生虫约不少于60万种,真菌约有200万种。 随着经济增长和全球化发展,人与野生动物的接触越来越频繁,增加了野生动物病原体溢入人类的概率。 未来动物源性传染病的发生将成为人类必须面对的“新常态”。 开展野生动物微生物和未来新发传染病防控的研究,建立潜在动物源性新发传染病风险评估及预测预警的分析框架和评估技术体系,不仅能够了解野生动物微生物群体的本底信息,更重要的是能够深入分析、发现、预警,甚至预测未来可能发生的重大动物源性新发传染病;减少从发现到响应之间的应对时间;最大程度降低对社会和经济的影响及损失;较早地特异性干预疾病的产生或流行;全面提高针对新发、突发传染病的反应和控制能力。

     

    Abstract: China is one of the countries with the richest species of wild animals in the world. The widely distributed wild animals of numerous species are the natural hosts or susceptible hosts of many infectious diseases. It is estimated that there are more than one million unknown types of viruses in China. In Qinghai-Tibet Plateau alone 10 000–30 000 unknown bacteria might exist in wild animals. There are no less than 600 000 species of animal-derived parasites, and about 2 million species of fungi worldwide. With the rapid development of China’s economy and globalization, contacts between humans and wild animals have become more frequent, increasing the probability of wild animal-derived pathogens infecting humans. The incidence of animal borne infectious diseases will become a “new normal” in the future. Therefore, research should be carried out on wild animal microbes and the prevention and control of emerging infectious diseases. In addition, we should establish an analysis framework and an evaluation technology system for the risk assessment and early warning of potential animal-derived emerging infectious diseases. These measures will not only increase our understanding of the background information of wild animal microbe communities, but more importantly, also enable in-depth analysis, discovery, early warning, and prediction of major new animal-borne infectious diseases that might occur in the future, and even help reduce the interval between discovery and response, minimize the impact and loss on society and economy, intervene the emergence or epidemics of diseases as soon as possible, and comprehensively improve the response and control capabilities for emerging and sudden infectious diseases.

     

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