2020年浙江省台州市中小学生视力低下监测分析

姜叶; 何春燕; 周潇潇; 张祥

doi:10.3784/jbjc.202109240518

2020年浙江省台州市中小学生视力低下监测分析

Surveillance for low vision in students in Taizhou, Zhejiang, 2020

摘要

摘要:
目的了解浙江省台州市中小学生视力低下现况，为采取预防控制措施提供科学依据。
方法 2020年9—10月，依据《学生健康检查技术规范》（GB/T 26343－2010），采用分层整群抽样的方法对全市每个县（市、区）中小学生进行裸眼远视力、身高、体质量测量。
结果共测量30 062名中小学生。研究对象视力低下率为74.2%，女生（77.0%）高于男生（71.8%）。轻度、中度和重度视力低下率分别为18.0%、11.9%、44.3%，随学段升高，视力低下呈上升趋势（趋势χ²=5 833.06，P＜0.001 ）。体质量指数与视力低下有关。
结论重度视力低下是初、高中学生的主要视力低下类型，学生视力低下率随年级升高呈上升趋势。超重和肥胖是视力低下的危险因素。小学升初中及初中阶段是防控视力低下的关键时期，应全面监测并采取综合性干预措施。

Abstract:
Objective To understand the prevalence of low vision in students in Taizhou, Zhejiang province, and provide evidence for the further prevention and control of low vision.
Methods From September to October 2020, visual acuity, height and weight tests were conducted in students in Taizhou selected through stratified cluster sampling.
Results The overall rate of low vision in 30 062 students in Taizhou was 74.2%. The rate was 77.0% in girls, higher than that in boys (71.8%). The rates of light, moderate or severe low vision were 18.0%, 11.9% and 44.3%, respectively. With the increase of school grade, the rate of low vision increased. Body mass index was associated with low vision in the students.
Conclusion The prevalence of low vision in the students in Taizhou was considered to be high. Severe low vision was the main type in junior and senior high school students. The low vision rate increased with the increase of grade. In addition, overweight and obesity were risk factors for low vision. Students in grade 5−6 and middle schools are at the important stages of vision development. It is necessary to strengthen the surveillance and intervention in students.

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