陈丹, 张晨. 2015-2020年上海市杨浦区猩红热病例流行病学特征分析[J]. 疾病监测, 2022, 37(6): 745-749. DOI: 10.3784/jbjc.202111120592
引用本文: 陈丹, 张晨. 2015-2020年上海市杨浦区猩红热病例流行病学特征分析[J]. 疾病监测, 2022, 37(6): 745-749. DOI: 10.3784/jbjc.202111120592
Chen Dan, Zhang Chen. Epidemiological characteristics of scarlet fever cases in Yangpu district, Shanghai, 2015−2020[J]. Disease Surveillance, 2022, 37(6): 745-749. DOI: 10.3784/jbjc.202111120592
Citation: Chen Dan, Zhang Chen. Epidemiological characteristics of scarlet fever cases in Yangpu district, Shanghai, 2015−2020[J]. Disease Surveillance, 2022, 37(6): 745-749. DOI: 10.3784/jbjc.202111120592

2015-2020年上海市杨浦区猩红热病例流行病学特征分析

Epidemiological characteristics of scarlet fever cases in Yangpu district, Shanghai, 2015−2020

  • 摘要:
      目的   了解上海市杨浦区猩红热病例的三间分布、临床症状与体征等流行病学特征,为今后该地区的疫情防控提供理论依据。
      方法   运用描述性流行病学方法对2015—2020年上海市杨浦区猩红热的三间分布特征进行描述及分析,运用系统聚类中Ward聚类分析法对猩红热的临床症状与体征进行分析。
      结果   所有病例中男性多于女性;年龄主要为 5~7 岁,以6岁组占比最高(31.60%);中心街道的发病水平高于周边街道;2015—2020年发病率先上升后下降,且在每年的 5—6 月及 11 月至次年 1 月呈现2个发病高峰。 病例的临床症状与体征可分为较常出现组、较少出现组及未出现组3类,以全身症状及口咽部症状最多见。
      结论   2015—2020年上海市杨浦区猩红热整体发病水平先上升后下降,在日常诊疗及防控工作中应重点关注春末夏初及秋末冬初时期的学龄期男性儿童,应加强对猩红热常见症状体征的鉴别诊断。

     

    Abstract:
      Objective   To understand the epidemiological characteristics of scarlet fever in Yangpu district, Shanghai, from 2015 to 2020, and provide theoretical basis for the prevention and control of scarlet fever.
      Methods   Descriptive epidemiological method was used to describe and analyze the distributions of scarlet fever in Yangpu, and Ward cluster method was used to analyze the clinical symptoms and signs of scarlet fever.
      Results   More scarlet fever cases occurred in boys than in girls. The age of the cases was 5−7 years and the cases aged 6 years had highest proportion (31.60%). The incidence level in central streets was higher than that in surrounding streets. The incidence level during 2015−2020 showed an upward trend followed by a downward trend, while the annual incidence had two peaks during May−June and during November−January. The cases could be divided into 3 groups according to the clinical symptoms and signs: more symptom group, less symptom group and non-symptom group, while the most common symptoms were systemic and oropharyngeal symptoms.
      Conclusion   In recent years, the overall incidence level of scarlet fever in Yangpu showed an upward trend and then a downward trend. In the diagnosis, treatment and prevention and control of scarlet fever, special attention should be paid to school aged boys in late spring and early summer and in late autumn and early winter, while the differential diagnosis should be strengthened.

     

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