2017－2021年黑龙江省肺结核合并糖尿病登记率及变化趋势

周勇; 闫世春; 韩雪; 王倪

doi:10.3784/jbjc.202211210511

2017－2021年黑龙江省肺结核合并糖尿病登记率及变化趋势

Registration of pulmonary tuberculosis complicated with diabetes mellitus over time in Heilongjiang, 2017−2021

摘要

摘要:
目的了解黑龙江省肺结核合并糖尿病登记率及变化趋势，为今后制定相应防治政策提供依据。
方法通过《结核病信息管理系统》收集黑龙江省2017—2021年肺结核合并糖尿病患者信息资料，采用描述流行病学方法分析患者一般人口学特征、患者来源、治疗分类、病原学诊断、药敏试验结果等，应用Jointpoint回归模型分析黑龙江省及其13个行政地级市（地区）肺结核合并糖尿病年登记率的变化趋势。
结果 2017—2021年黑龙江省共登记肺结核合并糖尿病患者5 816例（年均登记率3.31/10万），年登记率从2017年的2.22/10万上升至2021年的4.65/10万，年度变化百分比（APC）呈上升趋势（APC=17.01%，95%CI：4.45%～31.08%，t=4.401，P=0.022）；13个行政地级市（地区）中哈尔滨市呈上升趋势（APC=23.85%，95%CI：18.83%～29.14%，t=16.387，P<0.01），伊春市呈下降趋势（APC=−81.04%，95%CI：−94.19%～−37.24%，t=−4.428，P=0.021），其他地市年登记率变化趋势差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。 5 816例患者中，男性（4 554例，78.30%）、45～54岁年龄组（1 818例，31.26%）、家务及待业（3 214例，55.26%）为主；患者类型中以直接就诊（4 437例，76.29%）、初治（4 662例，80.16%）、病原学阳性（3 914例，67.30%）、药敏试验结果敏感（2 519例，43.31%）患者为主。
结论黑龙江省肺结核与糖尿病共病登记率呈上升趋势，且地区间流行呈现不平衡性，应对结核病与糖尿病共病防治工作给予重视。

Abstract:
Objective To analyze the registration level of pulmonary tuberculosis complicated with diabetes mellitus (PTB-DM) in Heilongjiang province from 2017 to 2021, and provide scientific evidence for the development of corresponding prevention and treatment strategies.
Methods The data of PTB-DM patients in Heilongjiang between 2017 and 2021 were collected from the Tuberculosis Information Management System. Descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the demographic characteristics of the patients, source of the patients, classification of treatment, etiological diagnosis and drug susceptibility testing results. Joint point regression model was applied to analyze the trend of the annual registration rate of PTB-DM in Heilongjiang and its 13 prefectures.
Results A total of 5 816 PTB-DM were registered in Heilongjiang from 2017 to 2021, with average annual registration rate of 3.31/100 000. The annual registration rate increased from 2.22/100 000 to 4.65/100 000 during this period, showing an upward trend of annual percentage change (APC) (APC=17.01%, 95%CI: 4.45%–31.08%, t=4.401, P=0.022). Among the 13 prefectures, the registration rate showed an upward trend in Harbin (APC=23.85%, 95%CI: 18.83%–29.14%, t=16.387, P<0.01), showed a downward trend in Yichun (APC=−81.04%, 95%CI: −94.19%–−37.24%, t=−4.428, P=0.021), while there were no significant difference in the change of the annual registration rate among other prefectures (P>0.05). Of 5 816 PTB-DM patients, 78.30% were males (4 554/5 816), 31.26% were in age group 45–54 years (1 818/5 816), and 55.26% were the jobless or unemployed (3 214/5 816). Of the PTB-DM patients, 76.29% sought medical care directly (4 437/5 816), 80.16% (4 662/5 816) had initial treatment, 67.30% were etiological positive (3 914/5 816), 43.31% showed sensitive drug susceptibility testing results (2 519/5 816).
Conclusion The registration rate of PTB-DM was in increase in Heilongjiang, but area specific differences were observed. Attention should be paid to the prevention and treatment of PTB-DM.

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