Abstract: Objective To understand the death causes by injury among students in Lishui and provide evidence for the prevention and control of injury caused deaths among students. Methods The time, regional and population distribution and mortality of injury caused deaths among the students from 2005 to 2009 were analyzed statistically. Results A total of 249 deaths caused by injury occurred among the students during this period with annual average mortality of 12.55/lakh. The rank of the death causes were as follows: drowning (57.8%), traffic accident (29.7%), accidental falling down (2.8%), homicide (2.8%), typhoon (2.8%), accidental poisoning (1.2%), electric shock (1.2%), suicide (0.8%) and fire disaster (0.8%). The sex ratio of death cases was 2.15 ∶ 1. The deaths among middle school students accounted for 20.5%, among primary school students accounted for 62.7% and among pre-school aged children accounted for 16.8%. Drowning mainly occurred during July-August, but traffic accident deaths occurred all the year round. Conclusion The major dearth causes by injury among the students in Lishui were drowning and traffic accident. The prevention of drowning and traffic accident should be strengthened to reduce the mortality of injury caused death among the students in Lishui.