Abstract: To understand the epidemiological characteristics of 1 death case of pulmonary anthrax and provide scientific evidence for developing prevention and control measures. Epidemiological survey, bacteriophage lytic test and penicillin-sensitive test were conducted. Among 6 anthrax cases diagnosed, 5 cases of cutaneous anthrax recovered after treatment, 1 cases of pulmonary anthrax died. The death case had obvious contact with sick and dead livestock. The epidemic was effectively controlled by tracing and destroying of sick livestock meat, isolation of close contacts and environment disinfection.