Abstract: Objective To explore the water pollution status in the Qiantang river system. Methods Vicia faba root tip cells micronucleus test, Ames test, mouse bone marrow cell micronucleus test and mouse uterus growth test were used in the toxicological study to analyze 7 water samples taken from Jiekou, Zhangtan, Jiangjunyan, Yandongguan, Tonglu, Fuyang and Yuanpu, which are located in upper reach, middle reach and lower reach respectively of the river. Results The pollution in Qiantang upper reach Qujiang and Lanjiang sections was quite severe and the pollutants were environmental mutagen and environmental estrogen. The order of mutagenic intensity was as follows, Zhangtan waterJiangjunyan waterYandongguan water. The pollution of Fuyang located in Fuchunjiang section (the middle reach of Qiantang) and Yuanpu located in Hangzhou section (the lower reach of Qiantang) was moderate and the pollutant was environmental estrogen. No pollution was found in Qiantang upper reach Xinanjiang section and middle reach Tonglu section. Conclusion According to the survey, Qujiang and Lanjiang sections in upper reach of the Qiantang river were seriously polluted by environmental estrogen and environmental mutagen. The water quality protection and pollution surveillance should be further strengthened.