Abstract: Objective To understand the prevalence of HIV/AIDS infection and related risk behaviors of detainees in correctional facilities in Wuzhou, fully implement State Council Notice on Strengthening HIV/AIDS Prevention and Control and the policy of Four Waivings and One Care and provide scientific evidence for the development of prevention measures for this population. Methods From January to December, 2009, HIV test, related behaviors survey and epidemiological survey for HIV infected persons were conducted among the detainees in correctional facilities in Wuzhou. Results Totally 221 detainees, including 211 males and 10 females, received the survey. Among them, 105 were drug users (47.51%), 45 were sexual promiscuous (20.37%). Forty people were living with HIV/AIDS (18.10%), the HIV infection rate was 18.10%. All the infected persons had injecting drug use history. Conclusion The HIV infection rate was high in correctional facilities in Wuzhou, many detainees had risk behaviors and the management of HIV infected persons was difficult. It is necessary to strengthen the management of HIV infected persons and health education about AIDS prevention in correctional facilities.