Abstract: Objective To understand the prevalence of schistosomiasis in Changshan county (a national surveillance area) in Zhejiang province from 2005 to 2009 and provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of schistosomiasis. Methods According to the scheme of national schistosomiasis surveillance, the surveillance on prevalence of schistosomiasis in Changshan county was conducted. Results No local acute schistosomiasis case and new schistosomiasis case were detected during this period, but one imported acute case was found in 2006. Small number of oncomelania were found every year in an area of 10 530 m2. but no infected oncomelania was found among 2294 living oncomelania. Conclusion Small number of oncomelania and imported infection source existed in Changshan county, which might result in the reemerging of schistosomiasis. It is necessary to strengthen the surveillance and control of oncomelania in local area and imported infection sources.