Abstract: Objective To understand the distribution and drug resistance characteristics of Staphylococcus aureus in our hospital, compare the resistant rates of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureu (MRSA) and methicillin sensitive staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) to common antibiotics in pediatric ward and ICU and provide evidence for rational clinical use of antibiotics. Methods The surveillance data of Staphylococcus aureu from January 2006 to December 2010 were analyzed retrospectively. Results A total of 857 strains of Staphylococcus aureus were isolated from patient's sputum (24.9%), pus (22.1%) and genital secretions (19.4%), which were mainly distributed in gynecology and obstetrics ward (19.3%),pediatrics ward (18.1%) and ICU (12.0%). Among these isolates, 252 (29.4 %) were MRSA. Staphylococcus aureus strains were highly sensitive to linezolid, vancomycin and nitrofurantoin. No vancomycin-resistant strain was found. The resistant rates to ampicillin-sulbactam and moxifloxacin were in increase. The resistant rates of MRSA to penicilin, oxacillin, cefazolin, ampicillin-sulbactam, gentamycin, rifampin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin, nitrofurantoin, clindamycin, erythromycin and tetracyclinewere obviously higher than those of MSSA, the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.01).The resistant rates of Staphylococcus aureus to at least 5 antibiotics in ICU were higher thanthose in pediatric ward, the differences were statistically significant (PConclusion Clinical isolation rate of MRSA was in increase. It is necessary to strengthen the surveillance of Staphylococcus aureus and its drug resistance for the effective control of MRSA circulation in hospital and rational clinical antibiotic use.