1950～2004年乐山市麻疹流行特征与防制对策探讨

Study on the epidemiological features of measles and the strategies for its prevention and treatment from 1950 through 2004 in the city of Leshan

摘要: 目的了解乐山市麻疹流行特征与规律,探讨防制对策与措施。方法采用一般统计方法和卡方检验方法,用SPSS10.0软件处理。结果开展计划免疫后乐山市发病率下降了92.15%、死亡率下降了98.85%,发病年龄呈后移趋势(!2=283.26,P<0.0001),发病职业趋向学生(!2=359.24,P<0.0001),少、边地区是乐山市计划免疫的薄弱环节。结论开展10岁以上在校生和新入学大、中专生麻苗复种,加强麻疹流行病学和实验室监测以及少、边地区常规免疫接种质量的督导检查和完善冷链设备,是防止麻疹在乐山市暴发流行的重要策略。

Abstract: Objective This investigation was conducted to understand the epidemiological fea-tures of measles and explore strategies for the prevention and treatment of the epidemic．Methods SPSSlO.0 software package was used for general statistical analysis and cki-square test．Results Statistics showed that after the implementation of planned immunization the incidence rate of measles decreased by 92.15％，and the mortality of the disease decreased by 98.85％．And a trend that onset began at an older age was seen(X2=283.26，PX2=359.24，P