Abstract: ObjectiveTo investigate the current status of HIV infection among key population in Renhe district of Panzhihua, extraplate the HIV epidemic in Renhe district and provide the evidence for the comprehensive intervention. MethodsA total of 1877 blood samples were taken from the people working in recreation centers, drug users, the people subjected in reeducation in reform center and the people who were voluntary to have HIV test. The samples were screened by ELISA firstly, and the samples which had been positive for more than 2 times were sent to Sichuan provincial CDC for laboratory confirmation by western blot assay. The data were analyzed by using SPSS 13.0 software. ResultsThe overall positive rate was 5.69%, the positive rate in intravenous drug users was 12.56% (102/822), the cases in this population accounted for 95.33% of total cases. The positive rate in sex workers and clients was 1.49% (4/268). The positive rate in police was 0.87 (1/115). The positive rates in the drug users in rehabilitation center, the people subjected in reeducation in reform center, the people who were voluntary to have test and the people under general surveillance were 13.84%, 6.08%, 5.95% and 3.60%, respectively. But no positive person was detected in the people working in recreation centers. The stratified analysis by intravenous drug use indicated that the difference on different ages had statistical significance (I/Isup2/sup=8.883, IP/I0.05), the positive rate was higher in lower age group than in higher age group. ConclusionThe HIV infection was serious in Renhe district in Panzhihua, Intravenous drug use was still the main route of HIV infection.