Abstract: Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of dengue fever in China and provide evidence for the development of control and prevention measures. Methods Retrospective analysis was conducted on the incidence data of dengue fever in China during January-March,2015,which were obtained from national disease reporting information system. Results During January-March,2015,54 dengue fever cases were reported in 16 provinces in China, an increase of 50% over the same period in 2014. Forty two cases (78%) were laboratory confirmed. All the cases were imported from other countries. The case number in Guangdong was highest (19 cases), followed by that in Beijing, Guangxi and Zhejiang (4 cases respectively). The male to female ratio was 1.5 : 1. The average age of the cases was 38 years and 72% of the cases were aged 20-40 years. Eight cases were jobless or unemployed, and 7 cases were engaged in commercial servicers. Conclusion The surveillance data indicated that reported dengue case number increased obviously compare with the same period in 2014 in China, and the geographic distribution also, indicating that challenge still exists in dengue fever control in China in 2015. It is necessary to strengthen the case and mosquito surveillance, training for public health provider and health education for the public.