Abstract: Objective To understand the awareness of brucellosis prevention related knowledge in population with occupational exposures in Shawan county, Xinjiang. Methods A questionnaire about brucellosis prevention related knowledge awareness was developed according to the brucellosis surveillance protocol and actual situation in Shawan. The questionnaire survey was conducted among the village doctors, farmers/herdsmen, slaughterers and people engaged in animal trading randomly selected from 25 villages of 5 townships. Results A total of 493 questionnaires were returned. The overall awareness rate of brucellosis prevention related knowledge was 50.71%, and the rate was highest in village doctors (92.31%) and lowest in farmers/herdsmen(42.62%). The age specific awareness rate was lowest in age group 29 years(30.86%) and the education level specific awareness rate was lowest in illiteracy group (18.18%). Conclusion The awareness rates of brucellosis prevention related knowledge differed among the populations with occupational exposures. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the health education about brucellosis prevention.