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董晓, 赵珍, 依帕尔·艾海提, 凯德丽艳·阿布都外力, 王新旗. 2010－2019年新疆维吾尔自治区0～14岁儿童肺结核流行特征分析[J]. 疾病监测, 2021, 36(11): 1142-1146. DOI: 10.3784/jbjc.202106300377
引用本文: 董晓, 赵珍, 依帕尔·艾海提, 凯德丽艳·阿布都外力, 王新旗. 2010－2019年新疆维吾尔自治区0～14岁儿童肺结核流行特征分析[J]. 疾病监测, 2021, 36(11): 1142-1146. DOI: 10.3784/jbjc.202106300377
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Dong Xiao, Zhao Zhen, Ipar Aihaiti, Kadeliyan Abuduwaili, Wang Xinqi. Epidemiological characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis in children aged 0–14 years in Xinjiang, 2010–2019[J]. Disease Surveillance, 2021, 36(11): 1142-1146. DOI: 10.3784/jbjc.202106300377
Citation: Dong Xiao, Zhao Zhen, Ipar Aihaiti, Kadeliyan Abuduwaili, Wang Xinqi. Epidemiological characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis in children aged 0–14 years in Xinjiang, 2010–2019[J]. Disease Surveillance, 2021, 36(11): 1142-1146. DOI: 10.3784/jbjc.202106300377
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2010－2019年新疆维吾尔自治区0～14岁儿童肺结核流行特征分析

Epidemiological characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis in children aged 0–14 years in Xinjiang, 2010–2019

    摘要
  • 摘要:
      目的   分析新疆维吾尔自治区（新疆）0～14岁儿童肺结核流行特征，掌握流行变化趋势，为加强儿童肺结核防控工作提供依据。
      方法   基于中国疾病预防控制信息系统子系统传染病报告信息管理系统及其基本信息项目中报告的新疆2010—2019年0～14岁儿童肺结核患者的报告发病数据和人口数据，利用Jionpoint回归模型进行趋势性分析。
      结果   2010—2019年，新疆共报告 0～14岁儿童肺结核患者3 632例，占全人口肺结核报告发病例数的0.58%（3 632/477 136），10年间儿童肺结核实际报告率从2010年的10.65/10万（496/4 656 826）下降至2019年的5.08/10万（296/5 827 122），年均下降率为8.57%；Jionpoint回归分析显示，儿童肺结核标准化报告发病率在2010—2015年年度变化百分比（APC）=−5.6%，P＝0.095、2015—2019年间（APC=−10.9%，P=0.034）呈现阶段性变化，但总体呈逐年递减趋势。 0～14岁男童肺结核报告发病1 362例，平均报告发病率为5.48/10万（1 362/24 862 789），女童报告发病2 270例，平均报告发病率为9.49/10万（2 270/23 927 224），女童发病率高于男童（χ2=224.626，P＜0.001）。 不同年龄组报告发病率差异有统计学意义（χ2=2 921.08，P＜0.001），10～14岁组（17.51/10万，2 604/14 872 187）儿童肺结核报告发病率最高；Joinpoint回归分析显示，0～8岁组儿童肺结核报告发病率由4.34/10万（150/3 456 347）降至2.72/10万（108/ 3 975 844），有随年龄增加呈平缓下降趋势（APC=−6.9%，P=0.028），而8岁以后则大幅升高（APC=414.2%，P<0.001）。 2014—2019年10～14岁组儿童肺结核报告发病率呈快速下降趋势（APC=−10.0%，P=0.005），由21.81/10万（286/1 311 592）降至12.48/10万（234/1 875 722）。
      结论   近年来新疆儿童肺结核报告发病率整体呈下降趋势，在继续开展新生儿卡介苗接种、学生结核病防控等工作的基础上，需要加强家庭内肺结核患者儿童密切接触者筛查工作和完善儿童肺结核监测报告制度。

     

    Abstract:
      Objective   To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) in children aged 0–14 years in Xinjiang from 2010 to 2019, and provide scientific evidence for the improvement of the prevention and control of pulmonary TB in children.
      Methods   Based on the reported incidence data and population data of pulmonary TB in children aged 0–14 years in Xinjiang from during 2010–2019 from the Infectious Disease Reporting Information Management System and basic information system of China Disease Prevention and Control , the trend analysis was conducted by using Joinpoint regression model.
      Results  From 2010 to 2018, a total of 3632 pulmonary TB cases were reported in children aged 0–14 years in Xinjiang, accounting for 0.58% (3632/477 136) of the total reported pulmonary TB cases in the whole population. The actual reported incidence rate of pulmonary TB in children decreased from 10.65/100 000 (496/4 656 826) in 2010 to 5.08/100 000 (296/5 827 122) in 2019, with an average annual drop rate of 8.57%. Joinpoint regression analysis showed that the standardized reported incidence of childhood pulmonary TB showed a periodic change during 2010–2015 ［annual percentage change (APC)=−5.6%, P=0.095］ and during 2015–2018 (APC=−10.9%, P=0.034), indicating a downward trend. A total of 1 362 pulmonary TB cases were reported in boys, with an average reported incidence rate of 5.48/100 000 (1362/24 862 789), and 2270 pulmonary TB cases were reported in girls with an average reported incidence rate of 9.49/100 000 (2270/23 927 224). The incidence rate of pulmonary TB in girls was higher than that in boys (χ2=224.626, P<0.001). Among different age groups, there were significant differences in the incidence rate of pulmonary TB (χ2=2921.08, P＜0.001). The reported incidence rate of pulmonary TB was higher in children aged 10–14 years (17.51/100 000, 2604/14 872 187) than in age groups 0 years old (4.34/100 000, 150/3 456 347), 5–9 years (3.05/100 000, 510/16 748 835) and 1–4 years (2.68/100 000, 368/13 712 644). Joinpoint regression analysis revealed that the reported incidence rate of pulmonary TB in age group 0–8 years decreased from 4.34/100 000 (150/3 456 347) to 2.72/100 000 (108/3 975 844), showing a gradual decline trend with age (APC=−6.9%, P=0.028, P<0.001) , but the incidence rate increased obviously after age 8 years (APC=414.2%, P<0.001) . The reported incidence rate of pulmonary TB in age group 10–14 years rapidly decreased after 2014 from 21.81/100 000 (286/1 311 592) to 12.48/100 000 (234/1 875 722) (APC=−10.0%, P=0.005).
      Conclusion   Although the overall incidence of pulmonary TB in children in Xinjiang showed a downward trend in recent years, it is still necessary to strengthen the screening of close contacts of pulmonary TB patients in children in families and improve the surveillance and reporting system of pulmonary TB in children on the basis of the BCG vaccination of newborns and the prevention and control of TB in students.

     

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