Objective  To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke and related risk factors in Inner Mongolia, and provide data support for the development of stroke prevention and treatment strategies in high-risk population in this region.

  Methods  The data of 7 472 stroke patients in hospitals in Inner Mongolia in 2020 from the national project “screening of stroke high-risk groups and intervention” were selected. The basic characteristics, clinical test indexes and laboratory test indexes of the cases were tested by χ² test and t-test with statistical software SPSS 22.0, Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to calculate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) of hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke.

  Results  Ischemic stroke was the main type of stroke in Inner Mongolia, accounting for 89.7%, and the incidence was high in men. The prevalence of diabetes in ischemic stroke group was significantly higher than that in hemorrhagic stroke group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01), and the prevalence of hypertension in hemorrhagic stroke group was significantly higher than that in ischemic stroke group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01). Univariate analysis showed that the body mass index (BMI), serum total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and homocysteine (Hcy) levels in ischemic stroke group were significantly higher than those in hemorrhagic stroke group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01), while the level of high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was significantly lower than that in hemorrhagic stroke group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01). The BMI of ischemic stroke group was higher than that of hemorrhagic stroke group in all age groups, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01). Multivariate regression analysis showed that the related factors for ischemic stroke were age, BMI, high TC, low HDL-C, high Hcy, smoking history and suffering from diabetes compared with hemorrhagic stroke. Compared with ischemic stroke, the influencing factors for hemorrhagic stroke were suffering from hypertension, being Mongolian and drinking. Age, BMI, TC level, HDL-C level, Hcy level, smoking history, excessive alcohol consumption, and suffering from hypertension and diabetes were the influencing factors for two types of stroke in Han population (P<0.05). The levels of TG, HDL-C and alcohol consumption were not the influencing factors for two types of stroke in Mongolian population (P>0.05).

  Conclusion  Ischemic stroke was the main type of stroke in Inner Mongolia, the incidence was high in men. Diabetes, BMI, dyslipidemia (high TC, low HDL-C and high Hcy) and old age were closely associated with the incidence of ischemic stroke. Young people, people with hypertension and alcohol consumption, and Mongolian were more likely to have hemorrhagic stroke.