广西壮族自治区南宁市2014年和2019年登革热暴发疫情流行病学特征分析

石健; 周冬梅; 屈志强; 刘昊晖; 廖克昌; 黄超俊; 汤洪洋; 黄志平; 武小娴; 黄家运

doi:10.3784/jbjc.202208170377

广西壮族自治区南宁市2014年和2019年登革热暴发疫情流行病学特征分析

Epidemiological characteristics of dengue fever outbreaks in Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in 2014 and 2019

摘要

摘要:
目的分析广西壮族自治区南宁市2014年和2019年两次登革热暴发疫情的特点，为当地登革热防控提供参考。
方法收集南宁市2014年和2019年登革热暴发疫情病例资料，采用描述性流行病学方法，比较病例在时间分布、人群分布、空间分布的特点。
结果 2014年首例病例发病日期是6月13日，病例数到达25.00%、50.00%、75.00%、100.00%的时间分别是9月27日、10月4日、10月15日和12月8日，单日发病最高峰是38例（9月28日）；2019年首例病例发病日期是4月9日，病例数到达25.00%、50.00%、75.00%、100.00%的时间分别是9月29日、10月9日、10月19日和12月13日，单日发病最高峰是36例（10月1日）。 2014年病例女性占比58.45%，2019年无性别差异；2014年病例20～39岁年龄段占比53.19%，2019年病例年龄≥60岁的老年人占比15.97%；2014年病例职业分布商业或服务类占比33.52%，2019年病例职业分布家务或待业占比25.86%；2014年商业或服务类病例最早引发登革热疫情，2019年各职业类型病例在时间先后顺序上无明显差异。 2014年病例将近50.00%集中在兴宁区（347例，48.06%），其次西乡塘区（235例，32.55%）；2019年病例相对集中在江南区（451例，42.11%），其次西乡塘区（298例，27.82%）。
结论南宁市两次登革热暴发疫情时间分布模式相似，但人群、空间分布特点明显不同，提示疫情发生风险具普遍性，应注重落实防控措施。

Abstract:
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of dengue fever outbreaks in 2014 and 2019 in Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and provide reference for local dengue fever prevention and control.
Methods The incidence data of dengue fever outbreaks in Nanning in 2014 and 2019 were collected, and descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted to compare the time, population and spatial distributions of dengue fever cases in the two outbreaks.
Results In 2014 outbreak, the first case occurred on June 13, and the number of cases reached its 25.00%, 50.00%, 75.00% and 100.00% on September 27, October 4, October 15 and December 8, respectively, and the daily incidence peak was on September 28 (38 cases). In 2019 outbreak, the first case occurred on April 9, and the number of cases reached its 25.00%, 50.00%, 75.00% and 100.00% on September 29, October 9, October 19 and December 13 respectively. The daily incidence peak was on October 1 (36 cases). The majority of cases in 2014 outbreak were women, but there was no gender specific difference in 2019. The cases in 2014 are more concentrated in the 20–39 age group. There were slightly more elderly cases in 2019. In 2014, the most cases were business or service categories but the most cases were housework or unemployed in 2019. Business or service cases caused the earliest dengue outbreak in 2014. However, none of the occupational types shows earlier in dengue outbreak in 2019. Nearly half of the cases in 2014 were concentrated in Xingning district with a total of 347 cases (48.06%), followed by Xixiangtang district, with a total of 235 cases (32.55%). The cases in 2019 were relatively concentrated in Jiangnan district, with a total of 451 cases (42.11%), followed by Xixiangtang district with a total of 298 cases (27.82%).
Conclusion Although the time distribution of the dengue outbreaks in 2014 and 2019 were similar, the characteristics of population distribution and spatial distribution are significantly different. Indicating the popularity of epidemic risks and the need to focus on implementing prevention and control measures.

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