Risk factors for chronic diseases among adults in Shapingba district of Chongqing

Objective To understand the prevalence of chronic diseases and related risk factors among adults in Shapingba district and analyze the influence of risk factors on the prevalence of hypertension and diabetes. Methods A total of 1200 adults were selected in Shapingba through multistage stratified sampling for a questionnaire survey, and health examination and laboratory detection were provided for them. Chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression analysis were conducted to identify the risk factors associated with hypertension and diabetes. Results The prevalence of smoking, drinking, overweight and obesity were 27.9%, 47.2%, 33.6% and 13.9% respectively. The prevalence of smoking, drinking and overweight were higher in men than in women(2=396.830, 249.130, 4.240, P0.05). The prevalence of hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia were 23.3%, 8.8% and 21.0% respectively. The prevalence of hypertension was higher in men than in women(2=6.195, P0.05), tended to increase with age(2=0.890,P0.05)and varied with educational level, marital status, occupation, smoking status, alcohol use and BMI (P0.05).The prevalence of diabetes tended to increase with age(2=0.257,P0.05) and varied with educational level, marital status, occupation, alcohol use and BMI(P0.05). Multivarite logistic regression analysis indicated that being female(OR=0.475), high education level(OR=0.835)were the protective factors for hypertension, but older age(OR=1.505), retirement(OR=1.128), family history of hypertension(OR=1.670), increased BMI (OR=2.496)and drinking more than 5 times a week(OR=2.387)were the major risk factors for hypertension. Daily walking for more than 6000 steps(OR=0.634)were the protective factors for diabetes, but older age(OR=1.540), increased BMI (OR=1.813)and hypertension(OR=1.846)were the major risk factors for diabetes. Conclusion The prevalence of hypertension and diabetes in adults in Shapingba district was correlated with multi-factors, so it is necessary to strengthen the comprehensive prevention and control of hypertension and diabetes.