Disease burden of Parkinson's disease in Beijing and Shanghai, 1990 and 2019

  Objective   To analyze the disease burden of Parkinson's disease and its trend in Beijing and Shanghai from 1990 to 2019.

  Methods   The prevalence data of Parkinson’s disease in Beijing and Shanghai were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease study (GBD) 2019. The prevalence rate, mortality rate, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) were used to analyze the disease burden of Parkinson’s disease in Beijing and Shanghai, the percentage change between 1990 and 2019 were compared. Moreover, we also analyzed the gender and age specific disease burden of Parkinson's disease in Beijing and Shanghai.

  Results   In Beijing, there were 47 800 cases of Parkinson's disease in 2019, an increase of 397.68% compared with 1990, and the standardized prevalence rate was 146.21/100 000, an increase of 24.26% compared with 1990; the number of deaths was 1 107, an increase of 171.06% compared with 1990, and the standardized death rate was 3.76/100 000, a decrease of 42.74% compared with 1990; the DALYs was 21 900 person-years, an increase of 165.36% compared with 1990, and the standardized DALY rate was 69.51/100 000, a decrease of 36.28% compared with 1990. In Shanghai, there were 56 500 cases of Parkinson's disease in 2019, an increase of 331.17% compared with 1990, and the standardized prevalence rate was 132.99/100 000, an increase of 35.71% compared with 1990; the number of deaths was 1 655, an increase of 121.15% compared with 1990, the standardized mortality rate was 4.17/100 000, a decrease of 41.19% compared with 1990; the DALYs was 30 000 person-years, an increase of 120.93% compared with 1990, and the age-standardized DALY rate was 73.01/100 000, a decrease of 33.46%compared with 1990. In 2019, the age-standardized prevalence, mortality and DALY rates of Parkinson's disease in men were 1.51, 2.62 and 2.12 times higher than that in women, respectively, in Beijing, and the age-standardized prevalence, mortality and DALY rates in men were 1.48, 2.03 and 1.76 times higher than that in women, respectively, in Shanghai. The prevalence, mortality and DALY rates of Parkinson's disease were highest in the age group ≥75 years, followed by those in age group 50–74 years, and in age group 15–49 years.

  Conclusion   The disease burden of Parkinson's disease was more serious in Shanghai than in Beijing in 2019. From 1990 to 2019, the standardized prevalence rate of Parkinson's disease showed an increasing trend, while the standardized mortality rate and DALY rate showed a decreasing trend in Beijing and Shanghai. The disease burden of Parkinson's disease was more serious in men than in women, and more serious in people aged ≥75 years than in other age groups. The management and prevention of Parkinson's disease should be strengthened.