Epidemiological characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis in Nanshan district of Shenzhen, 2016−2020

  Objective  To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) in Nanshan district of Shenzhen from 2016 to 2020 and provide evidence for the prevention and control of pulmonary TB.

  Methods  The data of pulmonary TB patient registration in Nanshan district from 2016 to 2020 were collected from China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention. Descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted on the distribution of pulmonary TB incidence, disease classification, and drug resistance. Statistical analysis was conducted with software SPSS 25.0, and χ² test was used to compare the rates.

  Results  A total of 3565 pulmonary TB cases were reported in Nanshan district from 2016 to 2020, the average annual reported incidence rate was 50.13/100 000, the reported incidence rate decreased from 60.88/100 000 in 2016 to 37.59/100 000 in 2020 (trend χ²=130.399, P<0.01). Most cases were reported in March, May and July. The top three areas with high annual average reported incidence rates were Shekou street (85.44/100 000), Xili street (73.71/100 000) and Nanshan street (62.79/100 000). The average annual reported incidence was 62.91/100 000 in men and 36.03/100 000 in women, and the difference was significant (χ²=255.764, P<0.01). The cases in age group 25−34 years accounted for the highest proportion (36.21%, 1291/3565) , and the proportion of the cases aged 45 years or older increased. The cases in staff and employees accounted for the highest proportion (33.38%, 1190/3565). The average annual reported incidence rate in non-local residents (105.34/100 000) was higher than that in local residents (15.34/100 000), with statistically significant differences (χ²=2726.163, P<0.01). The overall drug resistance rate in pulmonary TB cases in Nanshan district during 2016−2020 was 10.50% (109/1038) and the multidrug resistance rate was 4.05% (42/1038).

  Conclusion  The reported incidence rate of pulmonary TB showed a decline trend in Nanshan district from 2016 to 2020. It is necessary to strengthen the TB prevention and control in men, young adults, staff/employees, non-local population, drug-resistant patients and the elderly as well as in spring/summer and key areas.