Adverse pregnancy outcomes and influencing factors in pregnant women suffered from syphilis in Guangdong, 2015−2020

  Objective   To analyze the infection characteristics and the influencing factors of adverse pregnancy outcomes in pregnant women suffered from syphilis in Guangdong province, and provide evidence for the development of prevention and control measures to reduce the incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes.

  Methods   The information of pregnant women suffered from syphilis and newborns in Guangdong from 2015 to 2020 were collected from “National Information Management System for the Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission of AIDS, Syphilis and Hepatitis B”, and χ² test and multivariate logistic regression analysis were conducted to identify risk factors of adverse pregnancy outcomes of these pregnant women.

  Results   The results of χ² test showed that there were significant differences in the incidence of adverse pregnancy among the pregnant women with different age, education levels, marital status, previous diagnoses, current diagnosis times, stages of syphilis in current diagnosis, treatment status and initial treatment times (P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of adverse pregnancy was higher in those aged 20 years and below and those with primary education level. Those who were not diagnosed with syphilis previously had higher risk for adverse pregnancy (OR=1.350, 95% CI: 1.202−1.517). The risk for adverse pregnancy was higher in the pregnant women diagnosed with syphilis at and after delivery than in those diagnosed during pregnancy. The unmarried women had higher risk for adverse pregnancy than the married women (OR=1.280, 95% CI: 1.027−1.420). The risk of adverse pregnancy was higher in the pregnant women with phase Ⅱ or Ⅲ syphilis than in those with recessive syphilis (OR=1.882, 95% CI: 1.039−3.195). The risk of adverse pregnancy was higher in the pregnant women without treatment (OR=3.465, 95% CI: 2.508−4.786). The risk of adverse pregnancy was higher in the pregnant women receiving treatment later in pregnancy than in patients receiving treatment early in pregnancy (OR=2.245, 95% CI: 1.850−2.724).

  Conclusion   Age, education level, marital status, diagnosis and treatment time are the influencing factors of adverse pregnancy outcomes in pregnant women suffered from syphilis. Early screening, diagnosis and timely standardized treatment are of great importance in blocking mother to child transmission of syphilis and preventing adverse pregnancy outcomes.