Objective  To assess the risk of public health emergencies that may occur or be imported from abroad in China (except Hong Kong and Macao Special Administrative Regions and Taiwan region, the same below) in August 2025.

Methods  Based on the reports of domestic and foreign public health emergencies and surveillance results of key infectious diseases or notifications from relative agencies and departments, the expert consultation conference was hold and experts from provincial (autonomous region and municipal) centers for disease control and prevention attended this conference through video terminal.

Results  It is predicted that the incidence of public health emergencies in August 2025 would be higher than that in July 2025. The main public health emergencies would be infectious diseases. There is a risk of chikungunya fever imported from abroad as well as epidemic spillover from Foshan, Guangdong, and Class Ⅰ, Ⅱ, and Ⅲ regions remain at risk of secondary local transmission from imported cases. In August, the basins of China's seven major rivers will fully enter the main flood season, with 2−3 typhoons expected to make landfall or affect the country. Affected areas will face increased risks of public health issues such as increased incidence of waterborne, foodborne, and vector-borne diseases. There is a rising risk of dengue fever imported from abroad as well as transmitted across different regions in China. Class Ⅰ regions and some Class Ⅱ regions are at high risk of clustered outbreaks. Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) remains in its peak incidence period, with cases mainly sporadic, and there is a risk of clustered outbreaks caused by human-to-human transmission. August is the peak period for heatstroke occurrences and deaths, and men, infants, and the elderly are at higher risk. In the short term, the mpox clade Ⅱb epidemic in China will continue to maintain a low-level fluctuating trend. Sublineage Ⅰb may have caused hidden transmission among populations of African descent in China, with the potential to spread to the Chinese population. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic will continue to show a fluctuating downward trend in the coming period.

Conclusion  Attention should be paid to chikungunya fever, floods, dengue fever, SFTS, heatstroke, mpox, and COVID-19.