Abstract: In September 2025, a total of 75 infectious diseases were reported globally, affecting 236 countries and regions. Except for influenza, the top five infectious diseases affecting greatest number of countries and regions were Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) (236), mpox (140), Chikungunya virus disease (40), cholera (32) and dengue fever (31). The top five infectious diseases with highest case fatality rates were Ebola virus disease (67.2%), human infection with avian influenza A(H5N1) (48.0%), yellow fever (40.9%), Lassa fever (18.5%) and West Nile virus infection (7.6%). The top five infectious diseases with greatest number of deaths were COVID-19, cholera, dengue fever, measles and Ebola virus disease. The prevalent infectious diseases in Asia were COVID-19, cholera, plague, poliomyelitis, mpox, dengue fever and chikungunya virus disease, the prevalent infectious diseases in Africa were COVID-19, cholera, Ebola virus disease, Lassa fever, poliomyelitis, mpox, malaria, chikungunya virus disease and Rift Valley fever, the prevalent infectious diseases in America were COVID-19, yellow fever, mpox , dengue fever and chikungunya virus disease, the prevalent infectious disease in Europe were COVID-19, mpox and West Nile virus infection.