Abstract: Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome is caused by severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus（SFTSV）infection, which is a tick-borne disease reported in many places in recent years. The main clinical manifestations are fever and thrombocytopenia. The cases were mainly reported in East Asia, especially in China. SFTSV is a new zoonotic pathogen that can infect ticks, livestock, wild animals, and humans. The main transmission route is tick bite and contact of sick animals, and interpersonal transmission is possible. This study summarizes the progress in research of pathogenic characteristics, pathogenic mechanism, epidemiology, transmission mechanism, infection prevention and treatment of SFTSV to improve the understanding of the virus and provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of the infection.