Objective By investigating and managing the first local Chikungunya fever (CHIKF) outbreak in Wuhan , this study analyzes the effectiveness of prevention and control measures to provide references for CHIKF outbreak response efforts.

Methods Epidemiological investigation, emergency mosquito vector surveillance, and laboratory testing were conducted to perform case detection, traceability investigation, and result analysis of the 2025 CHIKF outbreak.

Results The outbreak involved two local CHIKF cases, prompting the activation of a Level III emergency risk response. Case Guo developed fever and pain in the limb joints on October 6 and tested positive for CHIKV nucleic acid. Case Shen developed fever and generalized joint pain on October 7 and tested positive for CHIKV nucleic acid on October 8. Case searches were conducted through pharmacy records, household surveys in residential communities, and medical institution screenings, but no additional cases were identified. Based on findings from household investigations and genetic sequencing, it was inferred that the two cases were likely first-generation local infections caused by imported CHIKF cases or asymptomatic carriers who arrived in Wuhan during the National Day holiday. Through the implementation of measures including case surveillance, emergency mosquito vector monitoring and control, and case management, no additional local CHIKF cases occurred within 22 days. The emergency response was terminated following a risk assessment.

Conclusion This outbreak represents the first local CHIKF epidemic in Wuhan. Through precise epidemiological investigations, expanded risk area demarcation, and the implementation of prevention and control measures such as emergency mosquito vector surveillance and control, the risk of transmission was effectively contained.