Abstract: In February 2026, a total of 72 infectious diseases were reported globally, affecting 129 countries and territories. Except for influenza, the top five infectious diseases affecting greatest number of countries and territories were mpox (71), coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) (65), dengue fever (30), cholera (29) and measles (24). The top five infectious diseases with highest case fatality rates were Nipah virus disease (71.80%), anthrax (66.70%), human infection with avian influenza A(H5N1) (48.00%), yellow fever (40.00%) and Lassa fever (23.20%). The prevalent infectious diseases in Africa were cholera, Lassa fever, poliomyelitis, mpox, dengue fever and measles, the prevalent infectious diseases in Asia were cholera, poliomyelitis, Nipah virus disease, dengue fever and mpox, the prevalent infectious diseases in America were yellow fever, COVID-19, dengue fever, chikungunya virus disease, mpox and measles, the prevalent infectious disease in Europe were COVID-19, mpox, norovirus-associated acute gastroenteritis and measles.