Objective  To assess the risk of public health emergencies that may occur or be imported from abroad in China (except Hong Kong and Macao Special Administrative Regions and Taiwan region, the same below) in March 2026.

Methods  Based on the reports of domestic and foreign public health emergencies and surveillance results of key infectious diseases or notifications from relative agencies and departments, the expert consultation conference was hold and experts from provincial (autonomous region and municipal) centers for disease control and prevention attended this conference through video terminal.

Results  Currently, the overall incidence of acute respiratory infectious diseases in China is on a downward trend, but the activity of some pathogens still fluctuates within a certain range. Influenza is at a low epidemic levels, with influenza A(H3N2) remaining the predominant circulating strain, and the proportion of influenza B(Victoria) viruses gradually increasing. With the start of the new semester in March, a slight increase in norovirus gastroenteritis outbreaks may occur. The epidemic of mpox IIb sublineage in China remains at a low level, while mpox clade I continue to pose risk of imported and secondary transmission. Sporadic cases of human infection with novel influenza subtypes will continue to occur. The risk of imported Zika virus disease persists.

Conclusion  Attention should be paid to influenza, acute respiratory infectious diseases, norovirus gastroenteritis, mpox, human infection with novel influenza subtypes, measles, and Zika virus disease.