Abstract:
Objective To understand the infection status and genetic characteristics of human adenovirus (HAdV) in acute respiratory infection (ARI) cases in Changshu, Jiangsu Province, China, from January to December 2024.
Methods A total of 1 718 throat swabs were collected from outpatients and hospitalized ARI patients in Changshu from January to December 2024. Seventeen common respiratory pathogens were detected by using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). For HAdV-positive samples, conventional PCR was performed to amplify the hypervariable Loop2 region of the hexon gene for preliminary genotyping. Subsequently, the penton base gene and fiber gene were further amplified to characterize the genotypes and sequence features of HAdV.
Results A total of 660 positive pathogen cases were detected in 1 718 ARI cases (38.42%), in which, 119 were positive for HAdV, accounting for 6.93% (119/1718) of all ARI cases and 18.03% (119/660) in all pathogen-positive cases. There were 71 cases of HAdV infection (59.66%) and 48 cases of mixed infection of HAdV and other pathogens (40.34%). The differences in HAdV detection rate among different age groups were significant (χ2= 25.029, P < 0.001), with the highest rate in age group 5-18 years (11.73%). The incidence of HAdV infection increased markedly from August to September, with a peak in September (22.50%). A total of 49 HAdV gene sequences were obtained, in which HAdV-B3 was the predominant genotype.
Conclusion HAdV was one of the major pathogens causing ARI in Changshu in 2024, mainly affecting individuals under 18 years old. The infection had obvious seasonal distribution, and HAdV-B3 was the predominant genotype.
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