Abstract: In August 2026, a total of 72 infectious diseases were reported globally, affecting 119 countries and territories. Except for influenza, the top five infectious diseases affecting greatest number of countries and territories were Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) (60), mpox (48), dengue fever (30), cholera (21) and measles (20). The top five infectious diseases with highest case fatality rates were Chandipura virus infection (64.10%), Ebola disease (48.62%), human infection with avian influenza A(H5N1) (47.80%), Lassa fever (23.96%) and West Nile virus infection (5.62%). The prevalent infectious diseases in Africa were Ebola disease, cholera, Lassa fever, poliomyelitis, malaria, mpox and measles, the prevalent infectious diseases in Asia were cholera, poliomyelitis, COVID-19, dengue fever, mpox and Chandipura virus infection, the prevalent infectious diseases in America were COVID-19, dengue fever, chikungunya virus disease, mpox and measles, the prevalent infectious diseases in Europe were COVID-19, mpox and West Nile virus infection.