Abstract: In September 2026, a total of 69 infectious diseases were reported globally, affecting 113 countries and territories. Except for influenza, the top five infectious diseases affecting the greatest number of countries and territories were Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) (59), dengue fever (28), mpox (24), cholera (23) and measles (22). The top five infectious diseases with highest case fatality rates were Ebola disease (48.18%), human infection with avian influenza A(H5N1) (47.71%), yellow fever (46.55%), Lassa fever (23.54%) and West Nile virus infection (7.58%). The prevalent infectious diseases in Africa were Ebola disease, cholera, Lassa fever, poliomyelitis, malaria, mpox and measles, the prevalent infectious diseases in Asia were cholera, poliomyelitis, COVID-19, dengue fever, mpox and human infection with avian influenza A(H5N1), the prevalent infectious diseases in America were yellow fever, COVID-19, dengue fever, chikungunya virus disease, mpox and measles, the prevalent infectious diseases in Europe were COVID-19, mpox and West Nile virus infection.