Abstract: Objective The understand the age-specific and cause-specific mortality among children aged5 years in Haidian district of Beijing from 2008 to 2014 and provide evidence for development and improvement of intervention measures. Methods The death surveillance data of children aged5 years in Haidian were obtained from Beijing maternal and child health information system from 2008 to 2014. Descriptive statistical analysis and Cochran-Armitage trend test were conducted on the death data. Results The neonatal mortality, infant mortality and under 5-year old children mortality in Haidian were 1.67, 2.36 and 2.92 respectively in 2014,which declined by 24.77%, 26.48%and 13.10% compared with 2008. Both the neonatal mortality and infant mortality showed decreasing trend (Z=-2.23,-2.27, P=0.0261, 0.0230). In 2014,the first five leading death causes were premature birth or low birth weight, hematosepsis, congenital heart disease, pneumonia,birth asphyxia and accidental asphyxia. Compared with 2008,the rank of the death causes changed. The mortality of birth asphyxia declined obviously (Z=-2.75, P=0.0059). Due to the fluctuation, no decline trends were observed in mortalities of premature birth or low birth weight, congenital heart disease, accidental asphyxia and pneumonia (Z=1.22,-1.60,-0.10,-0.34, P=0.2219,0.1093,0.9172,0.7329). Conclusion The decline trend was observed in both the neonatal mortality and infant mortality in Haidian from 2008 to 2014. It is necessary to strengthen health education, corporation between obstetrics and paediatrics and perinatal care to reduce the mortality in children aged 5 years.