Abstract: Objective To understand the awareness of enterovirus 71 and the willingness of self-paid Enterovirus 71(EV71) inactivated vaccine immunization of guardians of children aged 3 years in Guangzhou and related factors,and provide evidence for the development of EV71 vaccination strategy. Methods According to the incidence of hand foot and mouth disease (HFMD) in 12 districts of Guangzhou in recent 5 years,the survey was conducted in 6 vaccination clinics of 3 districts selected with stratified multi stage random sampling in Guangzhou. The influencing factors for vaccination willingness were analyzed with 2 test and unconditional logistic regression model. Results A total of 946 guardians were surveyed,the survey results of 903 guardians were valid. 21.15% of guardians (191/903) had heard of EV71,10.08% of them (91/903) knew EV71 could cause many kinds of diseases and 12.18% of them (110/903) had heard of EV71 inactivated vaccine. The rate of willingness of self-paid EV71 vaccination was 76.19% (688/903). Multivariate analysis showed that the guardians who were not parents (OR=6.87),had heard of HFMD (OR=4.41) and had heard of EV71 inactivated vaccine (OR=2.44) were more likely to receive self-paid EV71 vaccination. Conclusion The willingness of self-paid EV71 vaccination was high in guardians of children aged 3 years in Guangzhou. The awareness of HFMD and EV71 inactivated vaccine influenced the willingness of vaccination. The willingness rate of parental guardians was lower than that of non-parental guardians,and previous vaccination events also influenced the willingness of self-paid EV71 vaccination. It is suggested to strengthen the health education about HFMD and EV71 inactivated vaccine,especially in guardians of children,to improve the public awareness of the importance of vaccination in disease prevention and control.