Abstract: Objective To analyze the results of colonoscope in colorectal cancer screening in residents in Pudong new district of Shanghai and provide evidence for the improvement of screening. Methods The residents receiving enteroscope in colorectal cancer screening in Pudong of Shanghai from 2013 to 2015 were recruited in this analysis. Patients with pre-cancerous lesions or colorectal cancer detected in enteroscope were divided into the positive group, and others in negative group. The differences in age, gender, address and marital status between the two groups were compared, and the efficiency of risk assessment, fecal occult blood test (FOBT), and combined protocol were analyzed. Results In 20 084 people receiving enteroscope in Pudong during this period, 2 456 cases of pre-cancerous lesions or colorectal cancer were detected, there were significance difference in gender and age distributions and screening time between two groups. The positive rate in men (15.44%) was higher than that in women (9.61%), the positive rate in those receiving screening in 2013 (15.20%) was higher than those in other years, and the positive rate in non-targeted population ( 50 years old or 74 years) (16.57%) was higher than that in targeted population (50-74 years) (11.88%); Compared with enteroscope, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, negative predictive value, and the concordance rate the concordance rate were 97.52%, 2.00%, 12.18%, 85.23%, and 13.68%, respectively, for community early screening, 24.39%, 66.84%, 9.29%, 86.38% and 61.65%, respectively, for risk assessment, and 86.12%, 22.75%, 13.44%, 92.16% and 31.50%, respectively, for FOBT. Conclusion Colorectal cancer screening benefited the health of the residents in Pudong, but the risk assessment needs to be improved, and the involvement of non-targeted population would improve the efficiency of the screening.