Abstract: Objective To understand the current status and trend of HIV/AIDS epidemic in Lancang county. Methods The surveillance data from 1992 to 2008 were used to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of HIV/AIDS cases. Results The majority of HIV/AIDS cases were males(61.99%). The cases aged 15-49 years accounted for 94.83%.The proportion of the cases of Han people was highest(35.02%), followed by the cases of Lahu people and Dai people. The majority cases were farmers(61.09%). The education background of the cases were mainly of primary school(30.25%)and junior middle school(26.97%). The main transmitted routes included heterosexual contact(42.69%)and injecting drug use(34.83%); the proportion of the cases by heterosexual contact increased from 46.99% in 2006 to 62.96% in 2008. Up to 75.72% of the cases were local residents. Conclusion The main transmitted route of HIV infection has changed from injecting drug use to heterosexual contact in Lancang county.