孙春云, 谢显清, 刘渠, 李刚, 刘凤仁, 李静媚, 周健明, 刘峰, 俞国龙. 深圳市龙岗区诺如病毒感染性腹泻聚集性疫情流行动力特征[J]. 疾病监测, 2019, 34(4): 332-337. DOI: 10.3784/j.issn.1003-9961.2019.04.012
引用本文: 孙春云, 谢显清, 刘渠, 李刚, 刘凤仁, 李静媚, 周健明, 刘峰, 俞国龙. 深圳市龙岗区诺如病毒感染性腹泻聚集性疫情流行动力特征[J]. 疾病监测, 2019, 34(4): 332-337. DOI: 10.3784/j.issn.1003-9961.2019.04.012
Chunyun Sun, Xianqing Xie, Qu Liu, Gang Li, Fengren Liu, Jingmei Li, Jianming Zhou, Feng Liu, Guolong Yu. Characteristics of epidemic dynamics of norovirus caused diarrhea in Longgang district of Shenzhen[J]. Disease Surveillance, 2019, 34(4): 332-337. DOI: 10.3784/j.issn.1003-9961.2019.04.012
Citation: Chunyun Sun, Xianqing Xie, Qu Liu, Gang Li, Fengren Liu, Jingmei Li, Jianming Zhou, Feng Liu, Guolong Yu. Characteristics of epidemic dynamics of norovirus caused diarrhea in Longgang district of Shenzhen[J]. Disease Surveillance, 2019, 34(4): 332-337. DOI: 10.3784/j.issn.1003-9961.2019.04.012

深圳市龙岗区诺如病毒感染性腹泻聚集性疫情流行动力特征

Characteristics of epidemic dynamics of norovirus caused diarrhea in Longgang district of Shenzhen

  • 摘要:
    目的分析广东省深圳市龙岗区诺如病毒感染性腹泻聚集性疫情流行动力特征和传播途径,为其防控提供参考依据。
    方法按流行季节对深圳市龙岗区2014年7月至2017年6月诺如病毒感染性腹泻聚集性疫情进行流行病学特征、病原学特征描述,对动力学特征、流行强度进行数理统计分析。
    结果共报告诺如病毒聚集性疫情47起,病例635例,平均罹患率为12.92%。 发病季节以冬春季为主,12月至次年2月高发,以幼托儿童和学生发病为主。 生物样品平均检出率为33.33%,以诺如病毒GⅡ型为优势株。 疫情规模范围6~99人,首例发病–报告时间平均2.14 d,平均持续时间2.68 d,病例增长速度范围2~25人/d;基本再生数范围5.00~17.00,平均9.91。 幼儿园、学校和服务业场所疫情平均基本再生数分别为9.72(n=39)、12.00(n=5)和8.34(n=2),差异无统计学意义(F=1.209,P=0.308)。 44起(93.62%,44/47)疫情传播途径为人传人,涉及厨卫工人感染的食源性传播3起,未发现水源性传播疫情。 2016年冬至2017年春流行强度明显高于前2个流行同期。
    结论诺如病毒在聚集性疫情中具有很大的基本再生数,极易在幼托机构和学校引起大规模的暴发疫情,需在疫情早期对传染源、传播途径等关键环节采取各项防控措施。

     

    Abstract:
    ObjectiveTo understand the epidemic dynamic characteristics and transmission route of norovirus caused diarrhea outbreaks in Longgang district of Shenzhen and provide theoretical basis for the prevention and control of norovirus caused diarrhea outbreaks.
    MethodsDescriptive epidemiological analyses were conducted on the epidemiological and etiological characteristics of norovirus caused diarrhea outbreaks in Longggang from July 2014 to June 2017, and the epidemic dynamic characteristics and intensities were statistically analyzed.
    ResultsIn the past 3 epidemic seasons, 47 norovirus caused diarrhea outbreaks occurred in Longgang, involving 635 cases, and the attack rate was 12.92%. Winter and spring were the seasons with high incidence of norovirus caused diarrhea outbreaks, especially from December to February. The cases were mainly young children, followed by students. The average detection rate of norovirus in biological samples was 33.33%, and the predominant strain belonged to GⅡ type. The epidemics usually affected 6 to 99 persons. The average interval between onset and reporting of the first case was 2.14 days, and the average duration of the outbreaks was 2.68 days, and the case number increased by 2–25 per day. The mean of the basic reproductive number was 9.91 (5.00-17.00). The average basic reproductive numbers in child care settings, schools and public service settings were 9.72 (n=39), 12.00 (n=5) and 8.34 (n=2) respectively, the differences were not significant (F=1.209, P=0.308). Forty four outbreaks (93.62%) transmitted from person to person, including 3 foodborne transmissions associated with infected cooks, and no waterborne epidemic was found. The epidemic intensity during 2016 winter-2017 spring was obviously stronger compared with the previous two epidemic seasons.
    ConclusionNorovirus has a large basic reproductive number in epidemic, indicating that it is easy to cause a large-scale outbreak in child care settings and schools. It is necessary to take different prevention and control measures for the transmission sources and routes in the early stage of the epidemic.

     

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