2017-2018年青海刚察地区藏族人群幽门螺杆菌感染流行病学调查及相关因素分析

Epidemiological survey of Helicobacter pylori infection in Tibetan population in Gangcha of Qinghai, 2017–2018

  • 摘要:
    目的分析青海省刚察地区藏族人群幽门螺杆菌(HP)感染的现状及相关因素,为我国高原地区藏族HP感染防治提供依据。
    方法2017年8月至2018年11月按全国HP科研协作组制定的流行病学调查方法,在刚察县随机抽样2 103名藏族人群进行调查,采用14C尿素呼气试验检测其HP感染情况。
    结果2 103名藏族人群中,HP感染率为74.13%,男、女性HP感染率分别为75.76%和72.59%,差异无统计学意义(χ2=2.744,P=0.054)。 20~39岁年龄组为HP感染率高峰段,为78.32%。 距离县城近、卫生和交通条件好的乡镇调查人群感染率低。 距离县城较远的偏远地区、文化程度低、家庭收入低和职业为牧民者HP感染率高。 文化程度越高,HP感染率越低(χ2=364.351,P<0.05);牧民HP感染率最高76.25%(1 191/1 562);家庭收入越低,HP感染率越高(χ2=6.659,P<0.05)。 HP感染家庭集聚感染率也很高。
    结论2017-2018年刚察地区藏族人群幽门螺杆菌感染率高于全国人群自然感染率,牧民是HP感染的高危人群,良好的卫生饮食习惯和社会经济状况可能影响HP感染率。

     

    Abstract:
    ObjectiveTo analyze the current status of Helicobacter pylori infection and related factors in Tibetan population in Gangcha county, a high altitude area on the north bank of Qinghai Lake, in Qinghai and provide evidence for the prevention and treatment of H. pylori infection in Tibetan population in plateau areas of China.
    MethodsFrom August 2017 to November 2018, a total of 2 103 Tibetans were randomly sampled in Gangcha for an epidemiological survey according to the protocol developed by the National Helicobacter pylori Research Cooperative Group. The H. pylori infection was detected by using 14C urea breath test.
    ResultsAmong 2 103 Tibetans, the HP infection rate was 74.13%, and the infection rates of H. pylori in men and women were 75.76% and 72.59%, respectively, The difference was not significant (χ2=2.744, P=0.054). The infection rate of H. pylori was highest in age group 20–39 years (78.32%). The infection rate was low in the townships which were close to the county town and have good sanitation and transportation conditions. In the remote areas far from the county town, the infection rate of H. pylori was high in herdsmen and those with low family income and low education level. The higher the education level was, the lower the infection rate of H. pylori was (χ2=364.351, P<0.05). Herdsmen had the highest infection rate of H. pylori (76.25% (1 191/1 562). The lower the family income was, the higher the infection rate of H. pylori was (χ2=6.659, P<0.05). The H. pylori also had a high infection rate in families.
    ConclusionThe infection rate of H. pylori in Tibetans in Gangcha was higher than the national natural infection rate during 2017–2018. Herdsmen were at high risk for H. pylori infection. Good dietary habits and socio-economic conditions might reduce the infection rate of H. pylori.

     

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